Interdisciplinary initiatives:
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In this
resumι I want to inform you about the new art education program of the
Netherlands.
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The items
of this resumι are:
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the new
arts program: Culturele en Kunstzinnige Vorming = CKV ( Education in Arts and
Culture: a new interdisciplinary approach) 1,2 and 3; the aims and principles;
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the
implications for teaching - for example: teamteaching;
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the
implementation of the new program:
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Implications
for training ( in secondary education; in continuing education - for all art
teachers; and training/education for all art students) and implications for
development of the new program / new practice
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In
secondary education a new program started in 1999. This new program involves
both new contents ( for example CKV ) as well as a new approach towards
teaching, in this new approach pupils work more independently. They learn how
to learn independently. This new approach is called: the second phase. The
second phase follows basisvorming (basic education). In this second phase,
pupils can choose from 4 areas: science and technology, science and health,
economics and society and culture and society. This in order for pupils, to
have the right education to be able to continue study at university. Added to
this, all pupils have a compulsory part in which basic subjects are placed
(with a more general content) like: language/literature, science, mathematics,
culture ( CKV 1).
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Three new
art programs have been introduced: CKV 1, CKV 2 and CKV 3. All pupils have CKV
1, this type of art education is oriented towards experiencing art. In the
area: culture and society, CKV 2 and 3 are placed. CKV 2 is arts history, arts
theory, aesthetics etc. And CKV 3 is art production / studio art.
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CKV 1: ART
EXPERIENCE. This subject is compulsory for all pupils aged 15 to 18. Within CKV
1 all art disciplines are involved: All visual arts, all performing arts,
languages/literature.
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Active
participation in art and culture is the main concept of CKV 1. Pupils are
visiting museums, theatre perfomances, dance performances and concerts. ( Each
pupil received fl. 50,- ( 22,-)
from the dutch government) In class they study art history and they study the
major art themes like: "heroes, the city, love, dreams " etc. Art
disciplines are meant to be combined within these themes. Art production is
part of this program as well.
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A written
account is made from every theme and cultural visit. This is documented in an
'Art-portfolio' in which pupils reflect on art and culture.
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Arts
specialists work in teams, so they can benefit from each others knowledge and
experience, and they can give feedback to each other. And pupils learn about
the different art specializations.
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CKV 1: the
contents, as I have already told you, Cultural activities are an important part
of CKV 1. Art appreciation and art history
are combined with art production/ studio art in order to stimulate
pupils to reflect on art and culture. This is filed in the Art-portfolio
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Within the
section: culture and society, CKV 2 and 3 are placed. CKV 2 is artS theory:
theory. history and aesthetics of the visual and performing arts. CKV 2, art theory is linked to/ combined with
CKV 3 ( art production/studio art). CKV 2/3 are compulsory for all pupils who
have chosen the area Culture and society ( about 20 to 25 % of all pupils) and
CKV 2/3 are optional for pupils from the other areas (like for example:
economics and society or nature and science). Arts specialists again work in
teams, in order to complement their knowledge and experience.
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The Arts
in CKV 2 and 3 are: the performing arts: dance, theatre, and music. And the
visual and audio visual arts: painting, sculpture, textile art,
photography, film, video and computer
art.
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CKV 2: the
contents - concepts, appreciation, aesthetics; study of 6 subjects from 6
different perspectives/functions
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CKV 2 the
subjects: church culture from eleventh to fourteenth century; culture of the
Italian and french courts, from sixteenth to seventeenth century. Dutch culture
( of the Golden Age) 17th century. Romanticism and realism in nineteenth
century and Modern culture from the first part of the twentieth century and
Mass culture from the second part of the twentieth century.
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CKV 2: the
functions/perspectives: religion, aesthetics, patronage, entertainment, science
and technology, inter/ multiculturality. All six historic periods are studied
from these six perspectives ( the functions of art).
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CKV 3: the
contents - Art production/ studio art. Art theory ( a small part - linked to
art production) In CKV 3 the art discipline is optional: either visual art,
music, dance or drama. The production of CKV 3 is linked / related to the art
theory of CKV 2.
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Interdisciplinary
initiatives: principles - creating interaction between the disciplines of art (
one of the reasons for this is the existing relation between art disciplines in
current art). Furthermore: creating a more comprehensive understanding of the
arts in combining: art production /studio art with art experience, art history,
art appreciation, art theory, aesthetics.
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Interdisciplinary
initiatives: Aims - creating new possibilities for interdisciplinary art;
combining production/ studio art with theory, history,appreciation, aesthetics
of the arts ( from different times and cultures) ; Arts specialists working in
collaboration - in order to develop the new interdisiplinary approach
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Implementation:
development of new programs is taking place throughout the country: new
intitiatives arise everywhere. Several developmental institutions are
publishing CKV programs; publishers are working on new methods for CKV.
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New
conditions for the school organization: this means training of all teachers
involved with CKV. Also classrooms have to be adjusted to the new
interdisciplinary conditions. ( also the planning has to be adjusted to the new
program and to teamteaching)
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Obstacles
( in implementation) - Organization and planning: a lot of time is taken by the
collaboration ( a lot of meetings !) of the art specialists, the schools and
the cultural institutions; in order to develop new programs, new attitudes, a
new practice and new teacher training (and continuing educational) programs
have to be developped: this is a difficult and time-taking task.
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There is a
pressure to maintain most aspects of the existing and formal curriculum and to
maintain the established quality of the existing program.
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Implications:
exchange of expertise at all levels ( collaboration between art specialists,
cultural institutions etc.); training of all art specialists involved (
including students in arts education At Fontys we have CKV-projects in which
students of all arts-departments are involved: music, dance, drama and the
visual arts); Developing conditions for interdisciplinary practice.
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The
presence of cultural institutions is important for the new CKV schoolprogram.
In Tilburg the schools can benefit from the presence of several (new) cultural
institutions: for example a new concerthall, a new popcentre ( 013), a new
museum (De Pont). This part is also a problematic one: not every city in the
Netherlands has a lot of cultural institutions.
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Concluding:
CKV already is a cultural impulse for the school, the city and for the society
and hopefully it can and will be of importance for the interdisciplinary art of
the future in the Netherlands.